Justices Zenoff and Jorgensen concurred in the judgment and opinion. Panel JUSTICE BIRKETT delivered the judgment of the court, with opinion. He has been frequently honored for his work, having been named by Super Lawyers Magazine as a Rising Star in Illinois in the area of professional liability defense by Super Lawyers Magazine, by Law Bulletin Publishing Company as an Illinois "Emerging Lawyer" and a "Leading Lawyer" in the areas of commercial litigation, professional malpractice defense and personal injury defense, and by the American Society of Legal Advocates in 2017 as one of the top 40 litigation lawyers under the age of 40 in the State of Illinois. Galasso, both of Tribler, Orpett & Meyer, P.C., of Chicago, for appellee. Boeder is a frequent speaker and author on topics relating to professional liability, risk management and legal ethics. Mark Galasso Senior Manager Facilities / Helium at Party City Randolph, NJ. Boeder has achieved favorable results for his clients through mediation and arbitration, as lead counsel in numerous jury trials and as appellate counsel. Mark Galasso Director at Tribler Orpett & Meyer, P.C. He also represents clients involved in commercial disputes, insurance coverage matters and general tort litigation. Mark Galasso Found 26 people in New York, Pennsylvania and 14 other states. Insurance, Professional Liability, Aviation, Corporate and Environmental Law. PANOS TOPALIS, American Lawyer, Partner of TRIBLER & ORPETT, Professional Corporation, specializing in the field of General Civil and Trial Practice. Officer, 1993-1997) and American Bar Associations. Concentrating his practice on counseling and representing clients in professional liability and disciplinary matters, Jeremy Boeder works closely with attorneys, insurance agents and brokers and other professionals. Member: Chicago, Illinois State, Hellenic (Director, 1992-1993.
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(The Gordys were an entrepreneurial family.) Although the shop did not last very long, Gordy's interest in the music business did not fade. History Beginnings of Motown īerry Gordy's interest in the record business began when he opened a record store called the 3D Record Mart, a shop where he hoped to "educate customers about the beauty of jazz", in Detroit, Michigan. Īs of 2023, the label has many acts signed such as City Girls, Diddy, Migos, Lil Baby, Lil Yachty, Smino, Vince Staples, YoungBoy Never Broke Again, and several other artists in the hip-hop/R&B genre. On November 29, 2022, Ethiopia Habtemariam announced that she would be stepping down as chairwoman/CEO of Motown. In 2021, Motown separated from the Capitol Music Group to become a standalone label once again. In 2018, Motown was inducted into Rhythm and Blues Music Hall of Fame in a ceremony held at the Charles H. In 2014, however, UMG announced the dissolution of Island Def Jam, and Motown relocated back to Los Angeles to operate under the Capitol Music Group, now operating out of the Capitol Tower. From 2011 to 2014, it was a part of The Island Def Jam Music Group division of Universal Music. Motown spent much of the 2000s headquartered in New York City as a part of the UMG subsidiaries Universal Motown and Universal Motown Republic Group. PolyGram purchased the label from MCA in 1993, followed by MCA successor Universal Music Group, which acquired PolyGram in 1999. It was an independent company until MCA Records bought it in 1988. Motown expanded into film and television production. During the 1960s, Motown achieved 79 records in the top-ten of the Billboard Hot 100 between 19.įollowing the events of the Detroit Riots of 1967, and the loss of key songwriting/production team Holland–Dozier–Holland that year over pay disputes, Gordy moved Motown to Los Angeles, California. Motown was the most successful soul music label, with a net worth of $61 million. In the 1960s, Motown and its subsidiary labels (including Tamla Motown, the brand used outside the US) were the most of the Motown sound, a style of soul music with a mainstream pop appeal. Motown played an important role in the racial integration of popular music as an African American-owned label that achieved crossover success. Its name, a portmanteau of motor and town, has become a nickname for Detroit, where the label was originally headquartered. as Tamla Records on January 12, 1959, and incorporated as Motown Record Corporation on April 14, 1960. Motown is an American record label owned by the Universal Music Group. Everyone should think about their own fate on the Day of Qiyamah.ģ- We should be careful in what we store as good deeds.Ĥ- Self-accountability is necessary. This verse conveys the following messages:ġ- Faith prepares the ground for piety, and the prerequisite for the effectiveness of faith is having piety.Ģ- We should not have hopes in the works of those from whom we have inherited. Allah is indeed well aware of what you do (18) O you who have faith! Be wary of Allah, and let every soul consider what it sends ahead for Tomorrow, and be wary of Allah. This surah has several verses that many reciters have recited in different gatherings. Some of them went to “Adhra‘at” in the Levant, a few went to “Khaybar,” and a group went to “Hirah.” Famous Verses of Surah Hashr After this victory and upon the suggestion of the Prophet (s), the Jews left Medina, taking some of their belongings with them and destroying some of them. The Jews composed poems insulting the Prophet.Īfter all of these conspiracies, the Muslims surrounded the fortress of the Jews and by burning the date palms surrounding them, they forced the Jews to surrender themselves after a few days passed.‘Amr ibn Jaḥāsh who was one of the Jews of Banu Naḍīr conspired to kill the Prophet.The elder of the Jews, Ka‘b ibn Ashraf allied himself with Abu Sufyan after the Battle of Uhud.However, they broke the treaty in three ways: When the Prophet migrated to Medina, he signed a peace treaty with the Jewish tribes living in Medina, meaning Banu Naḍīr (بني نَضير), Banu Qurayẓah (بني قُرَيظَة), and Banu Qaynuqā‘ (بَني قَينُقاع). The Occasion of Revelation of Surah Hashr Mentioning Allah’s attributes of beauty and majesty toward the end of the surah.Description of the activities of the Immigrants or the Muhājirūn and praising their sacrifices.The Muslims’ reproaching the hypocrites and revealing their secret activities.The laws concerning wealth that Muslims acquired without going to war. The story of the Jews of Banī Naḍīr and how they broke their covenant with the Muslims and were thus banished from Medina.Some of the things that are mentioned in surah Hashr are as follows: One of the unique characteristics of Surah Hashr is that it begins and ends with the glorification of Allah.
To conclude, I want to congratulate both Mayim and Ken. And I will share my vision for Jeopardy!’s future, including new developments in the areas of pop culture and sports, plans for a Jeopardy! Honors awards show and my biggest and most passionately held idea: a Jeopardy! Masters league in primetime or on a streaming platform. On Monday’s podcast, we will announce all of the contestants who will be returning for a Second Chance to become a Jeopardy! champion. Please subscribe now to “Inside Jeopardy!” on Spotify, Apple or wherever you listen to podcasts. Hosted by the Jeopardy! producers, including me, “Inside Jeopardy!” will give you all an inside look into everything going on behind the scenes at America’s Favorite Quiz Show: everything from gameplay analysis and behind-the-scenes stories, to official announcements, and special interviews. Because all of the above gives us so much to talk about, and because there is always so much to talk about on Jeopardy! (it’s a sport, remember?) we will be launching a topical weekly podcast wherever you listen to your podcasts. Now, for the first time, you can catch up with the key moments of each and every game.ģ. Starting Monday, we will be releasing a daily three minute highlight recap of the day’s Jeopardy! episode on our website, across all of our social, and with our partner affiliates. But instead of repeating our tournaments as we have in the past, this year, my fellow producers and I have handpicked six weeks of some of our favorite episodes of the season, featuring our closest games, super-champions, and some of the people who will be announced as part of our inaugural Second Chance competition.Ģ. Well, the future will start this Monday as we launch three new initiatives on a single day:ġ. So, I mentioned our plans for the future… In return, the staff and I are honored to work alongside them. They love and respect this institution of a television program. Mayim and Ken are both extraordinarily talented and simply lovely humans. When she takes over from Ken in January, the current plan is to have her host a couple of new tournaments as well as the Jeopardy! National College Championship and as many weeks as she can manage with her other primetime commitment to “Call Me Kat.” We know you value consistency, so we will not flip flop the hosts constantly and will keep you informed about the hosting schedule. In the meantime, Mayim will host Celebrity Jeopardy! on ABC in primetime. His initial hosting run will take us through December. Ken will kick off the season in September, host the inaugural Second Chance competition and the heavily anticipated Tournament of Champions featuring Amy Schneider, Matt Amodio, Mattea Roach, Ryan Long, and many, many more. In Mayim and Ken, we have two outstanding hosts at the beginning of their Jeopardy! hosting careers who connect with their own unique fanbases, new fans, and the traditional Jeopardy! viewer. When you consider that almost every other show in broadcast television and syndication is declining, this has been a quite remarkable season: we’re the most-watched entertainment show on all of television. With Mayim and Ken hosting, the show is considerably up in viewership year over year, with more than 27M viewers tuning in each week this season. The fact is, we have so much Jeopardy! to make, and so many plans for the future, that we always knew we would need multiple hosts for the franchise and we are just so grateful that Mayim and Ken stepped in and stepped up to put the show in a position to succeed. “Still have fond memories of Sudbury High.I write today with the exciting news that we have closed and signed deals with Mayim Bialik and Ken Jennings to be the hosts of Jeopardy! moving forward. “I plan to use it to lobby for a raise in salary,” he wrote. In 2019, Sudbury Secondary School issued an honorary diploma to the famous Sudburian. While Sudburians never forgot the iconic Trebek came from their northern community, better known for nickel mining than celebrity ex-pats, it appears the memory was mutual. “And, how fitting is it to have it go up facing the Sudbury Public Library-a place of knowledge, curiosity, and everything Trebek stood for.” “This is going to be a really special piece on a really special wall,” said Ledo. His public murals aim to reflect the communities they’re found in. Ledo’s pieces are grounded in classical techniques and materials but plug into contemporary perspectives. Raised in Montreal, Ledo has crisscrossed the globe with his art, which in turn crisscrosses back-and-forth between murals, street art, fine art, and installations. The mural, created in partnership with the Rainbow District School Board, will take artist Kevin Ledo a little over a week to complete and will be wrapped up by the weekend of Up Here festival. If someone finds your lost key, they could potentially gain access to your home. One common reason is if you have lost your keys or had them stolen. You might want to consider rekeying your locks for a few reasons. Why Should You Consider Getting Your Locked Rekeyed? Rather than having to replace the entire lock, which can be expensive and time-consuming, you can simply have the lock rekeyed to increase your home’s security. This can be an important safety measure to consider if you have lost your keys or have concerns about who has access to your home.Īs someone who has had to rekey locks in the past, I can attest to how convenient it is to have Home Depot offer this service. Rekeying is the process of changing the internal components of a lock so that it can be opened with a new key while rendering the old key useless. Yes, Home Depot offers lock rekeying services to customers. One of their services is lock rekeying, which we’ll discuss in more detail. They offer a wide variety of products for home improvement and renovation projects, including tools, appliances, hardware, and building materials.īut Home Depot doesn’t just sell products – they also offer a range of services, including installation, tool rental, and home security. The store was founded in 1978 and has grown to over 2,200 locations throughout North America. As someone who loves to update my home improvement knowledge, I often find myself at Home Depot. Home Depot is more than just a store – it’s a one-stop shop for all your home improvement needs. So in this article, I will throw some light on rekeying services provided by Home Depot. Now, one of the most common questions I often get asked by hl me first before visiting the 3 home depot stores in GTA (Greater Toronto Area). After all, your home is your sanctuary, and it’s essential to feel secure within its walls. The cost of getting locks rekeyed at Home Depot starts at around $5 per lock for a standard pin tumbler lock, but the cost can increase for more complex lock types, such as high-security, smart, or locks with multiple cylinders.Īs someone who has always been fascinated by the intricacies of locks and security, I know how important it is to protect your home and possessions.Home Depot offers lock rekeying services for most types of locks, including deadbolts, doorknobs, padlocks, and many others.Home depot usually carries about 20 different key blanks, the keyless shop carries over 600 different key blanks for your home, office, or auto. Most keys we have and can send to you in the mail. If you have a rare key that Home Depot or Lowes doesnt have just give us a call and text us a photo of the key. You can check us out at for locations and coupons, email us at or give us a call at 1-80 for any questions. So, if you have a Lexus, Toyota, or Honda key with a remote that has broken away from the key blade, we can cut the key by code and even send it to you. As for car keys, with a vin number and proof of ownership, we can get a code and cut a key. That number can be used to get a code and that code is used to cut a key. How does this work? Well, most desks, cabinet and small locks have numbers etched on or near the key hole. We can mail keys to you either the uncut key that you can take to a hardware store to have cut or in some cases we can even cut a key and send it to you. This includes house keys, padlock keys, desk keys, file cabinet keys and other small lock keys as well as older and newer car keys.ĭo you live in a rural area and have a hard time getting some keys? Does Home Depot not have the key you need? Well, The Keyless Shop probably does. We even carry some of the harder to find or “rare” keys. Need a Car Key Made? Save 50% off dealer prices at The Keyless Shop at Sears Call now 80 or email Keyless Shop also is a full service locksmiths with over 600 key blanks in stock for your home and office. We can cut and program nearly all car keys, car remotes, push to start vehicle keys. (works on some older model ford car ranging from 2002 - 2009)ĭo you have a car key not available at Home Depot? Does your car key have buttons and keyless entry? Is your car a push to start or keyless? If so, then come visit The Keyless Shop at Sears. Nissan Chip key Ni104 (works on a few popular Nissan models such as Altima and maxima)Ĭhrysler car key y160pt (works on older model Chrysler carsįord transponder key h84pt. General Motors chip key b111pt (works for several different types of GM vehicles). AtĪ dinner party, she meets Clay’s parents for the first time. To stop the attacks, Christine reluctantly sacrifices her pet kitten. He suggests a sacrifice to appease the demon. Is the owner of an accursed object, she will be haunted by a powerfulĭemon called the Lamia (loosely based on the Greek Lamia, a child eatingĭemon), that will torment her for three days before taking her to Hellįor eternity. Ganush’s granddaughter answers the door, skeptical ofĬhristine’s remorse, and Christine finds that Ganush cannot lift theĬurse, seeing as Ganush has died, and her granddaughter was hosting theĬhristine returns to Rham Jas, who explains that as long as Christine Office, and in the occurring panic, Stu steals a file from Christine'sĬhristine goes to talk to Ganush for forgiveness in efforts to lift Projectile nose bleed that soaks her boss in blood. Ganush’s hands in place of Stu’s, Christine snaps at Stu and has a Work the next day, after hallucinating flies buzzing in her stomach and At home, Christine isĪttacked by the entity and has repulsive nightmares about Ganush. Later, Christine and her boyfriend Clay Dalton meetįortune teller Rham Jas, who tells Christine that she is being hauntedīy a dark spirit, likely the result of a curse. Off Christine's coat and uses it to place a curse Home, Ganush, hiding in the backseat, attacks Christine in her car.ĭespite sustaining what should be fatal injuries, Ganush rips a button When Christine leaves work and gets to the parking garage to drive She handled the situation, and embellishes his positive statements, Persistence, desperate pleading as she is helping her to stand up andĬalls security, who take Ganush away while Ganush blames Christine for Christine becomes frightened of the woman's Ganush begs Christine not to repossess her house and kneels Medical ailments, Christine denies Ganush an extension to prove herself Sylvia Ganush, who asks for a third extension on her mortgage payment.ĭespite knowing Ganush is on a fixed income, and that she suffers from Christine is visited by an elderly woman, Herīoss, Jim Jacks, advises her to demonstrate that she can make toughĭecisions to get a promotion. To be promoted to assistant manager over her co-worker Stu Rubin. In present-day Los Angeles, bank loan officer Christine Brown hopes The medium says she will encounter the force again one day. San Dena aids theįamily by carrying out a seance, but they were attacked by an unseen force (revealed later to be Lamia) that pulls the boy into Hell. Shaun San Dena, saying their son has been hearing evil spirits' voicesĪfter stealing a silver necklace from a “gypsy wagon”. In 1969, Pasadena, California, a couple seeks the aid of the medium For many viewers this has been the key reason why the long-awaited sequel to Drag Me To Hell is demanded, and resolving it is an obvious route Drag Me To Hell 2 could go - perhaps with Justin even trying to venture to hell himself to rescued Christine.Drag Me to Hell is a 2009 horror film directed by Sam Raimi. Clay, a skeptic throughout the movie, learned the truth of the Lamia and Christine’s curse far too late. Clay not only saw Christine dragged to hell, but his holding on to the cursed button she’d tried to rid herself of sealed her fate. However, it seems likely that it will try to resolve Drag Me To Hell’s cliffhanger around Clay. While the 2009 original ended the story of the central character rather definitively with Christine being dragged into the underworld, the premise left more than enough scope for a followup - especially since the last time audiences saw Justin Long’s Clay he’d literally just witnessed fiery demonic hands pulling his would-be fiancé into the underworld.Īny predictions around the Drag Me To Hell 2 plot are entirely speculative at this point. His remarks also seemed to indicate that, despite writing and directing Drag Me To Hell, he wasn’t involved in concocting the plot for the sequel. According to comments from Sam Raimi in early 2023 the story of Drag Me To Hell 2 is still being conceived. Grapes are a sweet fruit that goldfish enjoy, and they are easy to consume by any fish. Grapes are nutrient-rich foods that have similar benefits to goldfish as to humans, and they can help your fish reduce its risk of diseases while also improving its overall health. If your goldfish do not like to eat plants, you should always have them in a tank with plants. Live plants are preferred over artificial plants because goldfish benefit from them more. According to some aquarists, fake plants are an excellent alternative to live plants. Plants are the best and most effective way to enhance the beauty of a fish tank. There are also other plants that can be kept in aquariums such as duckweed and Anacharis. Pothos plants are used to control nitrates. Goldfish can eat plants such as java moss, but if your goldfish are well-fed and not starving, they will avoid nibbling on them. You should only plant live plants that goldfish will not consume. Goldfish avoid eating certain live plants like Anubias, Java Fern, and Anacharis because they are difficult to nibble on. In goldfish aquariums, live plants help to maintain the water’s oxygen level. Many hobbyists keep live plants and fake plants in their aquariums as decorations. In this article, we will discuss what plants goldfish will eat for food and how to properly care for them. While goldfish are not typically known for being plant-eaters, there are actually a few types of plants that they will eat for food. This is the one I mean, the link goes to Amazon also.If you have a goldfish, you may be wondering what kind of plants you can feed it. Another plant is one that can provide a lot of shelter to your goldfish while still looking like a bunch of real plants. There is a beautiful Anubias fake plant by Fluval that I would definitely recommend. Luckily for us, fake aquarium plants have developed considerably since the tacky purple, yellow and green stems people had in their aquariums 10 years ago. They do however provide shelter and make the tank look beautiful if you buy the right plants and position them well. Some people say they don’t look good, but there are some beautiful fake plants available from you to choose from.Ī downside to fake plants is the fact that they do not remove any nitrate from your aquarium, so you still have to do this yourself by doing regular water changes. If you’ve tried many plants and your goldfish keep eating or destroying them I understand you are considering fake plants. Fake Plants for Goldfish: Live Plant Alternative? Another suitable plant that’s not on this list but commonly sold as oxygen plants for goldfish is called “anacharis elodea” or “waterweeds”. If I had to choose from the plants in this list, adding stems of Hornwort would be my pick. If you’re keeping goldfish in a bowl or small tank I really would recommend adding oxygen plants. The plant would die off and I had to buy a new oxygen plant every month. When I first bought my 2 goldfish I had no prior fishkeeping experience and the store employee recommended an oxygen plant to provide my fish with air. I could not find any good pictures and I have not grown Moneywort myself, so I want to show you this video of Cory explaining the beauty of this plant. When you add this plant to your aquarium, make sure to tie a bunch of stems together and properly weight them down or bury them in the substrate firmly because your goldfish will try their best at digging them up. In the end it can be quite tall and is therefore best suited as a background plant for your aquarium. This plant is a stem plant that grows relatively slow. MoneywortĪ friend of mine recommended this plant as he has grown Moneywort in his goldfish aquarium and seen success. I recommend attaching both the big and small plants to a piece of wood or a rock to keep them in one place. The plant propagates by growing tiny plants at the end of its leaves that eventually fall and float around the tank. It’s a rather slow grower and also can survive without adding liquid fertilizer, especially in a goldfish aquarium as these fish are messy. This plant is a beginner plant that does well in low to medium lighting and does not need additional CO2. That’s great in a goldfish tank because there is nothing to dig up for them. Just like Anubias, this plant does better when the roots are not buried in the substrate. The leaves are strong and goldfish tend to leave them alone most of the time. Arguably the most popular plant in the hobby is the Java fern. We strongly advise utilizing our 14 days refund policy instead, which allows you to receive a refund hassle-free if the service does not meet your expectations, with no additional charges incurred. Please refrain from utilizing the free plan as a means to test our premium services, as the experience may vary significantly. Important Notice: Kindly be aware that our free plan operates on a shared basis, which might result in reduced server performance during weekends and holidays due to increased user activity. Enjoy priority support from our expert team, offering assistance at every step of your server's creation and management.Experience unlimited potential, free from restrictions, with unmetered MySQL databases, ports, backups, and more.Stay ahead with access to cutting-edge features that expand your possibilities and enhance your gaming experience.Rest assured with our performance guarantee, promising a refund if your server experiences any performance issues.Access our premium location, reserved exclusively for esteemed users like yourself. Provide a seamless experience for your players, as our hosting remains ad-free with absolutely no Falix branding.Benefit from continuous server availability, operating 24/7, 365 days a year, enabling you to utilize your server whenever needed. If you want to understand the near-universal pattern of why there are tall buildings in the city center and low-rise buildings further away, then just look at the nature of the market prices per floor (or per square foot or meter), and you will see they drop off rather steeply as one moves further away from the center. We can observe from the equation that, all else equal, the lower the value of C, the taller a building will be in a given city at a given time. That is, the economic height is given by the market price per floor, P, relative to a measure of construction costs, C, which includes the prices of materials and labor, and the efficiency of the construction operation. The bottom line is that this equation can be given in a simplified form:Įconomic Height = (Market Price Per Floor)/(Construction Costs Index Value) If we did some economic modeling, what pops out is an equation for the optimal building height (based on some simplifying assumptions). The economic height of a structure is the one that makes the most sense in terms of best balancing the demand for height with the costs of providing it. The Economic Theory of Skyscraper Heightīut, before we dive more deeply into the costs of building a shiny new skyscraper, we first pause to discuss the economic theory of skyscraper height. Today there are thousands of tall buildings on Earth, including some that rise more than 100 stories (1,000 feet). The first skyscrapers appeared in Chicago in 1884, and by 1920 they were built all over New York City. The BasicsĪ skyscraper is a building whose height exceeds the average width of other buildings nearby. Its height of 1,250 feet made it 50% taller than today’s tallest building: Shanghai Tower with 632 meters (2132 feet). The Empire State Building in New York City used to be considered the tallest building in America (and therefore, by extension the world) until Chicago’s Willis Tower took that title away from it after completion in 1974. It was built for the purpose of being a luxury hotel and office space for Emaar Properties PJSC. The tallest skyscraper in the world is currently Burj Khalifa in Dubai, which stands 830 meters (2,722 feet) tall when its spire is included. In general, skyscrapers are over 200 meters high, but there’s no universal definition of what exactly constitutes one. Most New Yorkers believe that this city is perfect for tall buildings because there are so many people living here, but how did these famous skyscrapers come about? We’ll explore some interesting facts about skylines and how much it costs to build one in NYC.Ī skyscraper is a tall building. There are over 200 buildings with a height of 100 meters or more, and these buildings have an average height of 394 meters. It has many skyscrapers that make it look even more attractive. New York City is one of the most famous cities in the world. This is why when you’re building your own skyscraper in NYC, you need to make sure that everything from design to materials will contribute to making your building stand out from the crowd. The combination of buildings, parks, and landmarks create a unique experience for visitors and residents alike. The New York skyline is one of the most famous in the world, and there are many factors that go into making it what it is today. It’s not just about building a building with an iconic structure, it’s about creating a space that is unique and memorable to the people who live there. Building a skyscraper in NYC is a gargantuan task. More studies are needed on the benefits of various treatments for obstructive sleep apnea and insomnia.ġ. Standardized cognitive assessments and larger, long-term controlled prospective studies with diverse populations are needed to further elucidate the cognitive impairments associated with chronic insomnia and obstructive sleep apnea. The impact of obstructive sleep apnea treatment, particularly with continuous positive airway pressure, appears to mitigate and slow the rate of cognitive decline but more randomized controlled studies are needed. Untreated obstructive sleep apnea may have a significant impact on the progression of mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s dementia. Obstructive sleep apnea is associated with impairments in attention, concentration, memory, and executive function with apnea severity as measured by the apnea hypopnea index and severity of nocturnal hypoxemia being the largest risk factors. Benzodiazepine use is associated with cognitive impairment. Nonbenzodiazepine receptor agonists improve insomnia without causing cognitive impairment. Cognitive behavior therapy for insomnia may improve cognitive function but more studies are needed. Hyperarousal and short sleep time associated with insomnia are risk factors for cognitive impairment. Mood and anxiety disorders may moderate the effects of insomnia on cognitive function. Chronic insomnia may have a moderating role in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s dementia. Recent studies indicate that insomnia is associated with impairments in attention, memory, and executive function. This paper reviews the recent studies investigating the cognitive effects of insomnia and obstructive sleep apnea as well as the potential benefits of treatment. Cognitive function has been extensively studied in relation to chronic insomnia and obstructive sleep apnea. Both sleep disorders can adversely affect physical and mental well-being. Obstructive sleep apnea and chronic insomnia are the most common sleep disorders in adults. Orff enjoys travel, wine tasting, photography, and music.įor more information, see Behavioral and Mental Health and Sleep Medicine.Purpose of Review. He earned his doctorate from the San Diego State/UC San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology. Orff completed his postdoctoral fellowship training in psychology at the VA San Diego Healthcare System and UC San Diego School of Medicine and his internship at Brown University Medical School. Orff's research focuses on evaluating the impact of chronic sleep disturbance on neurocognitive and neurophysiologic functioning, and the potential benefits of treatment for sleep disturbance on health and quality of life.ĭr. Orff currently is a research psychologist at the VA San Diego Healthcare System. In addition to his position in the Sleep Medicine Clinic, Dr. He also works with patients who are prescribed continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for sleep apnea to help them to better tolerate use of their breathing equipment at night. Orff may recommend use of device-based treatments, such as bright light boxes, to help individuals sleep better. His practice includes Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I), which focuses on eliminating habits, behaviors, and environmental disruptions that impair sleep. As part of UC San Diego Health's Sleep Medicine Center, he evaluates and treats sleep disorders by addressing problematic behavioral, psychological, and/or physiological factors that interfere with sleep. Orff, PhD, is a licensed clinical psychologist whose expertise is in behavioral sleep medicine. |
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